03 Dose
typora-copy-images-to: ./images
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/F564F028-FF67-4590-9214-C41ACE84A419.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/322702B4-AC04-4E3F-9006-335FC6FFC682.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/04A5B69B-D634-4A40-B9B3-43D224B1E8B6.jpg)
- peak effect of morphine higher: morphine more effecacious
- peak effect at lower dose: morphine more potent
Dose-Response
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/84A846F9-6B73-4147-9DA6-5AC0E1FA1370.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/8BFA04A4-BB97-4F08-92AB-1608AA80A54C.jpg)
- quantal: if drug eliminate headache
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/56E22731-C901-4067-A086-80A7D715C64A.jpg)
- EC50 or ED50: effective concentration or dosage. Dose needed to get 50% Emax
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/67689551-39B7-4802-9052-534B0379C5E5.jpg)
- log of dose on X: S shaped curve, better for E50
Potency
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/79AD299A-92F5-4218-8536-2728B0EEF44B.jpg)
Efficacy
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/C6B4D940-0A89-4C7A-9D8F-C7FD5D4B8118.jpg)
Competitive Antagonist
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/457B9753-38C3-44ED-9731-7CD506C4D1FA.jpg)
- e.g. beta agonist and beta blocker at same time
- beta blocker competes with beta agonist. At higher dose, beta agonist outcompete beta blocker
- Emax same: how much effect beta agonist can stimulate one each receptor is same
Noncompetitive antagonist
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/6F47733D-5376-48B3-A606-BA6BA1596F71.jpg)
- bind to beta receptor, change its shape and make it bind agonist less
- increasing dose cannot overcome effect
- same thing as removing beta receptor from system
- E50 same
Spare receptors
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/AC3C755B-69AC-4C4E-8FC4-67127F65A6AC.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/2D404E99-1A02-4D0C-B9D1-60401BF005FF.jpg)
- add noncompetitive antagonist, should lower Emax but shifts it right instead
- reason: spare receptors activated with less potency binding
- eventually with high dose noncompetitive antagonist, lower Emax, antagonize also spare receptors
Partial Agonists
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/47CD5172-0F98-44B5-8C5B-2348A9A079AB.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/F699AAA0-7C6C-4CB8-A241-28D62DE6985B.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/0C6D8193-66A8-45DE-9E76-9F3EAE7A8715.jpg)
- increasing partial agonist dose: competitive binding
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/DE5ECDE3-4425-4406-B5FD-FE14F29B9BB3.jpg)
- response instead of percent
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/D84CDB5A-9F89-4AB7-8C86-DF694332E2E3.jpg)
- clomiphene: activate estrogen receptors but not as much as estrogen
Quantal Dose
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/4C3C8465-8385-4C18-B433-DB12139F3248.jpg)
- ED50: dose required for 50% pts response
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/5249EF10-DC33-47AB-B325-26D7C7A77253.jpg)
- lethal dose and toxic dose
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/2D9C2555-61B7-40DC-B4BE-FEDEBE2971C2.jpg)
- higher therapeutic index: more apart LD50 and ED50, wider therapeutic window
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/6981E556-43C4-4AF2-B005-6812A054C46B.jpg)
![](https://photos.thisispiggy.com/file/wikiFiles/CC04FA6C-CDB3-4CD1-B91F-252B2A95E4FA.jpg)
Backlinks